Fuel oil burner



I A. POPP FUEL OIL BURNER Aug. 7, 1934.

Filed'Sept. 1l, 1951 2 Sheets-SheetA l Uff Aug. 7,'1934. L, A, POPP 1,969,423

FUEL OIL BURNER Filed Sept. ll, 1931 2 Sheets-Sheet4 2 Patented ug. 7, 1934 UNITEDPSTATES A i1 -,.-.1\.'1t:Nr" OFFICE l `1,969,423 FUEL OIL BURNER Leonard A. Popp, Saugus, Mass., assignor to Lynn j; Y- y 33S,

AProducts4 Co., Y '-Massachusetts Lynn', 'Mass., a corporation of applicati@ septmber'n,1931,'sria1N. 562,276

1 olinnl M(o1. 15s- 89) This invention relates to fuel foil burners, more" particularly to such oil burners -for use in the'iire pot of domestic ranges that )may have been originally designed for burning coal. This kind of oil 5, burner is shown in many prior patents, an ex= ample being Johnson and Leach No;` 1,764,794, June 17, 1930; i

In the design 'of these range oil burners the goal is to effect complete combustionso that a hot blue 3 0Y flame will be produced continuously. This may be true in a particular burner so long as the rate of oil supply is proportionate to the amount of* air that Vis available for intermixture with the vapor. If the rate of oil supply is increased A without increasing the air' the combustion will be incomplete, the llame showing yellow where itV emerges from the combustion chambers of the burner. 1

The object of this invention is to eiect' complete combustion of the oil, `at whatever rate supplied within reasonable limits, and thus tov distribute a maximum of heat throughout lthe re pot of the range.

Accordingly a feature ofthe invention com-- prises anauxiliary air chamber or `combustion cone designed to deliver to the name, as it leaves the combustion chambers, the required amount ofl air to eiect complete combustion'of any excess gases which, becauseunconsumed; cause the flamev 3() to burn yellowwith loss of heat.

d To the accomplishment of this object and such others as may hereinafterappear, as will'readily be understood by those skilled in the art, the invention 'comprises the featuresfand'fcombinations of parts which will rst be described in' detail' and then Aparticularly pointed lout in their true'scope in the appended claim.

The preferred form'of.` theinvention, ,applied for illustrative purposes toan oil burner-of the 40 said J ohnson` and Leach type, is disclosed-inthe goburner on which the auxiliary air chamber is supported. l

In the embodiment of the invention illustrated in the drawings the general design of the twin oil burner is similar to that disclosed in the John- 55,;.son and Leach Patent No. 1,764,794. A descripview tion of one -of the twin burners will sufce .forboth, the connecting central bar 1 and side-webs 2`being partially shown on Fig. 2.` The-centralbar -is yapertured to receive a standard for 'supporting the Voil' burner within the fire box of the 'so-`V range.- f

` The burner base comprises a circular casting 8 providing two concentric inner and outerv vapor, grooves 13 and 14 underlying inner and outer .l combustion chambers lfand 16, and a central vaporizing chamber 20 in the form of a cup whichv is connected to theinner vapor groove 113by a plurality of tubular radial ribs constituting conduits 10 for supplying vaportothe combustion' e chamber 15. The outer vapor groove 14 is` 70 connected to the inner 'groove by radial'ribs 12 and'certain of these ribs are tubular to .formiv conduits for supplying vvapor to the outer 'com' bustion chamber 16. The purpose 'and advanv tage of' this mode of delivering vapor is-described- 75 and claimed in my'co-pending application Ser. No. 432,616, led March 3, l1930. Oily is fedto .the bottom ofthe cup 2/0`by a supply pipe21', is

there vaporized and passes therefrom 'tothe two grooves 13 and-14. The-'combustionchamber 1'5 80 isy formedv by a. pair of perforated'vsleeves-- ,'17 seated on shoulders on the walls of the groove' 13 and the combustiony chamber 16 is formed by .al pair of larger sleeves similarlyapplied tofth'ef, groover 14;? v The vapoizing chamber 20 is withinY 35VA a central air chamber v23 form'edby thel inner' of the ,pair of sleeves '17, and-is'provi'ded with acover 24 seated loosely on 'the' rim ofthe'cup' andcentralzed thereon by a plurality ofwin'gs'v .Y engaging said inner sleeve 17.' The cover" 24 is'- 90 removable for cleaning thevaporizing chamber* when'nezessa'ry. The segmental spacesv9 aboutV the cup 20 -andibetween the ribs 10 areopenlt'c'j supply air tothe central heating chamber y"23' andthence through the vinners1e`evev17 to "the- 95` combustiony chamber V1,5'. The segmental spaces 11l between the ribs 12 and betweentheftwgrooves also are open to supply-'air through the4 sleeves for combustion. i

The inner three of the four sleeves support a` 1b() removable top cover (Figs. 1 and 4) which may conveniently be a metal stamping having an outer flange 26 resting on the inner 'of the two outer sleeves 18, an adjacent depressed annular groove u 27 for spacing said sleeve 18 from the adjacent 165 sleeve 17 and a central depressed 'portion 28 engaging the inner of the two sleeves 17. The metal between the depressed portions 27 and `28 is cut away in the form of curved slots 29 through which i pass the products of combustion from the inner no combustion chamber 15. The flange 26 is made narrow to leave the outer combustion chamber 16 open at its top.

The oil-burning and heat-developing capacity of a burner of the kind above described may be greatly increased by providing an auxiliary air chamber disposed above the central air chamber and comprising a perforated wall through i which the hot air from the central chamber l passes and by which the same is broken'up,

deected to any unconsumed gases exhausted, from the combustion chambers and mixed with the same. `This current of air by mixing" with" any unconsumed or partially-consumed gases l a hot blue flame. This improvement increases the capacity of the burneraboutSSLl/a The invention contemplates the usenof. an auxiliary air chamber which in its preferred form' has anjopenfbottom, avclosed top andan upwardly andoutWardly-flaringperforated Wall.,I The exact Ashape ofthisau-xiliary 'airchamber is rather tiny2A8 offthetop coverfand this central portionv is `provided with an aperture 30` permitting Vair from. the central chamber 23 to passeinto the auxiliary air chamber. `The auxiliaryair cham-` ber, as.sho wn, has a closed toporicover 3 1 and 4Q? aperfiznatedfr Wall 32 o pen atits bottom. AThe vvall B2i isfshown, inv the presentiinstance, in the. formt; of4 anf inverted truncated cone the smallerv` baseof/ vghich restsin the depressed centra1;por

tion ofthe cover ofjtherburner and surrounds 4.5 the Qontrol aperture ,30 thoroof-.- :Tholdfgoi .b tiSo iiaios-vv outwardly` .above [tho ,ooiiibustioii, ohamr., bertrand is rrovidodfat, its impor; odg@A plurality@ fout-turned liiesftswiiioii; aro sof ourodifadbwoot Weidiiiatovtho iiiidoi faoooff 59,. tha-ciosedfver, 3,1.. :order to provisie for. as' littlol'oscape offir as possible ot tho. ioiiit ,bo-f.

tweoittho-:Wail arid its voovoiithtdues 33 .maybe ioriiiodbvfa oliiidiity oipairs of inwaid slitting? A formed by apairofspaced perforatedwallathe pacticfandthe metal therebetween-`is bent ostwiirdleayiiie aoirdiilaicriiii .3,5 eXtoiidiiiethoro-j f above-1 The ooi/.or 3,1, fwhioh. may., be.. .of motali Stamina is. foimodfiifith dii annular groove 37. ogs atits; -iiiidor .foto -aiidctho ,iiiiiiorrim :375.91 the.

groove 'andaisn so' dimensioned as tobe forced from the combustion chambersfelects tliej'comA plete combustion thereof'constantly to deliver auxiliary air, chamber Wallis seated in,

Air from the central chamber enters the auxiliary air chamber through the aperture 30 and passes out through the wall 32 in the form of minute streams which will cut across and commingle with any unconsumed or partially-consumed gases exhausting from the combustion chambers which renders combustionv complete. Preferably the cover 31 is so dimensicned as to provide av rim flange 39 extending outward of the Wall 32 to such an extent as to voverhang the outer combustion chamber 16, thus to assist `in confining the air streaming outward to a positicnfo'r thorough mixture with the rising gases and preventing a dissipation thereof before admixture as' desired.

.'In'the` use fofv oil'burners ofthe general type generally in use having a solid cover over the central air chamber, an excessive rate of oil supply Willwnot; only produce a yellow flame indicative of incomplete combustion but the flame will tend Vto draw intoA conical ,form above the'. cover 'instead creased supplyfof oillis completelyv consumedY with a blue flame augmenting the developed heat about G one-third and aflame of4 maximum diameter is maintained above the combustion chambers.

Asbestos wicks (see Figs. l and 24) in the vapor grooves maybe used for priming or initially heating theburner until sufficient vaporization is vinlducecl in the chamber 20'. The interior of the auxiliary air chamber maybe inspected at anytime by lifting it from? the;top cover en .which it rests. This top cover fand, vthek `vaporizing chamber cover are-both removable; folginspection and l cleaning. Y

Whilethe ,drawings .show a burner base having circular vapor grooves with cylindrical perforated. Sleeves ,and a circular ,vaporzine @upland auxiliaryair chamber, because this form lendsk itself to cheapness of manufacturegit is WithinA the scope of the invention to use other geometrical forms for some or all of the parts of the burner; nor is thenovel auxiliary air chamber limited to use with anoikburner of the specific construction illustrated kbecause it may hel used with advantagev on oilburners of otherztypes.Y Y

The nature and scope of the inventionihaving been indicated-and its preferred embodiment have ing been specifically.describedgwhat is claimed le as neW,vis:K- i v Ina fuel oil burner. the combinationwith inner and outer concentric combustonchambers. each', 

